> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.openclaw.kr/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Pairing

# Pairing

“Pairing” is OpenClaw’s explicit **owner approval** step.
It is used in two places:

1. **DM pairing** (who is allowed to talk to the bot)
2. **Node pairing** (which devices/nodes are allowed to join the gateway network)

Security context: [Security](/gateway/security)

## 1) DM pairing (inbound chat access)

When a channel is configured with DM policy `pairing`, unknown senders get a short code and their message is **not processed** until you approve.

Default DM policies are documented in: [Security](/gateway/security)

Pairing codes:

* 8 characters, uppercase, no ambiguous chars (`0O1I`).
* **Expire after 1 hour**. The bot only sends the pairing message when a new request is created (roughly once per hour per sender).
* Pending DM pairing requests are capped at **3 per channel** by default; additional requests are ignored until one expires or is approved.

### Approve a sender

```bash theme={"theme":{"light":"min-light","dark":"min-dark"}}
openclaw pairing list telegram
openclaw pairing approve telegram <CODE>
```

Supported channels: `bluebubbles`, `discord`, `feishu`, `googlechat`, `imessage`, `irc`, `line`, `matrix`, `mattermost`, `msteams`, `nextcloud-talk`, `nostr`, `signal`, `slack`, `synology-chat`, `telegram`, `twitch`, `whatsapp`, `zalo`, `zalouser`.

### Where the state lives

Stored under `~/.openclaw/credentials/`:

* Pending requests: `<channel>-pairing.json`
* Approved allowlist store:
  * Default account: `<channel>-allowFrom.json`
  * Non-default account: `<channel>-<accountId>-allowFrom.json`

Account scoping behavior:

* Non-default accounts read/write only their scoped allowlist file.
* Default account uses the channel-scoped unscoped allowlist file.

Treat these as sensitive (they gate access to your assistant).

## 2) Node device pairing (iOS/Android/macOS/headless nodes)

Nodes connect to the Gateway as **devices** with `role: node`. The Gateway
creates a device pairing request that must be approved.

### Pair via Telegram (recommended for iOS)

If you use the `device-pair` plugin, you can do first-time device pairing entirely from Telegram:

1. In Telegram, message your bot: `/pair`
2. The bot replies with two messages: an instruction message and a separate **setup code** message (easy to copy/paste in Telegram).
3. On your phone, open the OpenClaw iOS app → Settings → Gateway.
4. Paste the setup code and connect.
5. Back in Telegram: `/pair pending` (review request IDs, role, and scopes), then approve.

The setup code is a base64-encoded JSON payload that contains:

* `url`: the Gateway WebSocket URL (`ws://...` or `wss://...`)
* `bootstrapToken`: a short-lived single-device bootstrap token used for the initial pairing handshake

Treat the setup code like a password while it is valid.

### Approve a node device

```bash theme={"theme":{"light":"min-light","dark":"min-dark"}}
openclaw devices list
openclaw devices approve <requestId>
openclaw devices reject <requestId>
```

If the same device retries with different auth details (for example different
role/scopes/public key), the previous pending request is superseded and a new
`requestId` is created.

### Node pairing state storage

Stored under `~/.openclaw/devices/`:

* `pending.json` (short-lived; pending requests expire)
* `paired.json` (paired devices + tokens)

### Notes

* The legacy `node.pair.*` API (CLI: `openclaw nodes pending/approve`) is a
  separate gateway-owned pairing store. WS nodes still require device pairing.

## Related docs

* Security model + prompt injection: [Security](/gateway/security)
* Updating safely (run doctor): [Updating](/install/updating)
* Channel configs:
  * Telegram: [Telegram](/channels/telegram)
  * WhatsApp: [WhatsApp](/channels/whatsapp)
  * Signal: [Signal](/channels/signal)
  * BlueBubbles (iMessage): [BlueBubbles](/channels/bluebubbles)
  * iMessage (legacy): [iMessage](/channels/imessage)
  * Discord: [Discord](/channels/discord)
  * Slack: [Slack](/channels/slack)